How does biotechnology contribute to crop resilience?

Biotechnology significantly contributes to crop resilience primarily through the development of varieties that are resistant to various environmental factors such as pests, diseases, extreme temperatures, and drought. This resistance can be achieved by manipulating the genetic makeup of plants, allowing them to survive and thrive in challenging conditions.

For instance, scientists can identify specific genes associated with resistance traits and incorporate them into the genome of crops. This results in varieties that require fewer chemical inputs, can grow in less-than-ideal soil conditions, or can withstand climate extremes, thereby enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability. By improving the inherent resilience of crops, biotechnology helps farmers maintain yields and reduce loss due to environmental stresses.

In contrast, other options provided do not align with the goals of enhancing crop resilience through biotechnology. Increasing reliance on chemical fertilizers may lead to soil degradation and environmental issues rather than improving crop resilience. Promoting monoculture practices can diminish biodiversity and increase vulnerability to pests and diseases, which counteracts the aim of resilience. Similarly, exclusively focusing on watering techniques does not address the broader scope of genetic and environmental factors influencing crop resilience. Thus, the correct answer highlights the fundamental role that biotechnology plays in advancing agricultural resilience through genetic advancements.