Which of the following describes the primary focus of agroecology?

The primary focus of agroecology is enhancing sustainability and biodiversity. This approach leverages ecological principles to create farming systems that not only produce food but also maintain and improve the health of the environment. By prioritizing biodiversity, agroecology supports a complex ecosystem where various species coexist, thereby increasing resilience to pests, diseases, and climate change.

Agroecological practices often involve crop rotations, cover cropping, and integrated pest management, all of which contribute to soil health and a balanced ecosystem. These methods foster a more sustainable agricultural system that respects natural processes and promotes the well-being of both the environment and local communities.

In opposition to synthetic fertilizers, mono-cropping, and chemical pest elimination, which focus either on short-term production gains or reliance on external inputs, agroecology emphasizes long-term sustainability and ecological balance. This distinction highlights the transformative potential of agroecology in addressing food security while also caring for the planet.